Randomness
From Maze
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Within the first years that computer images were made, random processes were explored thoroughly. The first two exhibitions of computer-generated graphics appeared in art galleries in 1965; both shows included pieces that were created using random values. In New York, the works of A. Michael Noll and Bela Julesz, both researchers at Bell Labs, were exhibited at the Howard Wise gallery from 6-24 April under the title "Computer-Generated Pictures." In Stuttgart, the works of Georg Nees and Frieder Nake were exhibited at the Wendelin Niedlich Gallery from 5-26 November under the title "Computer-Grafik Programme." | Within the first years that computer images were made, random processes were explored thoroughly. The first two exhibitions of computer-generated graphics appeared in art galleries in 1965; both shows included pieces that were created using random values. In New York, the works of A. Michael Noll and Bela Julesz, both researchers at Bell Labs, were exhibited at the Howard Wise gallery from 6-24 April under the title "Computer-Generated Pictures." In Stuttgart, the works of Georg Nees and Frieder Nake were exhibited at the Wendelin Niedlich Gallery from 5-26 November under the title "Computer-Grafik Programme." | ||
| − | In 1962, Noll published a technical memorandum at Bell Labs entitled "Patterns by 7090," the number referring to the IBM 7090 digital computer. He explained a series of mathematical and programming techniques that use random values to draw "haphazard patterns" to a Carlson 4020 Microfilm Printer. The eight patterns documented in the memo are the basis for his Gaussian Quadratic image, which was exhibited in the 1965 exhibition. Noll used existing subroutines of the printer to draw a sequence of lines to connect a series of x- and y-coordinates that he calculated and stored inside an array. The x-coordinates in the array were generated by a custom subroutine he wrote called WNG (White Noise Generator), which produced random values within the range of its parameters and the y-coordinates were set through a quadratic equation. Through this series of patterns, Noll explored creating a tension between order and disorder, regularity and random values. | + | In 1962, Noll published a technical memorandum at Bell Labs entitled "Patterns by 7090," the number referring to the IBM 7090 digital computer. He explained a series of mathematical and programming techniques that use random values to draw "haphazard patterns" to a Carlson 4020 Microfilm Printer. The eight patterns documented in the memo are the basis for his Gaussian Quadratic image, which was exhibited in the 1965 exhibition. Noll used existing subroutines of the printer to draw a sequence of lines to connect a series of x- and y-coordinates that he calculated and stored inside an array. The x-coordinates in the array were generated by a custom subroutine he wrote called WNG (White Noise Generator), which produced random values within the range of its parameters, and the y-coordinates were set using a quadratic equation. Through this series of patterns, Noll explored a tension between order and disorder, regularity and random values. |
In 1965, Nake created his Fields of Rectangular Cross Hatchings series, which succeeds through pairing ordered patterns with random placement. Nake explained the way random values are used in the images: | In 1965, Nake created his Fields of Rectangular Cross Hatchings series, which succeeds through pairing ordered patterns with random placement. Nake explained the way random values are used in the images: | ||
